Orthodontics
Explained

Orthodontic treatment works by using gentle, controlled forces to move the teeth into the desired position. The specific type of treatment used depends on the individual’s needs and goals, but common treatments include:

1. Braces: Braces are the most traditional form of orthodontic treatment. They consist of metal or ceramic brackets that are bonded to the teeth, and a wire that is threaded through the brackets to apply pressure to the teeth. Over time, the gentle pressure from the wire moves the teeth into the desired position.
2. Clear Aligners: Clear aligners are custom-made, transparent plastic trays that fit over the teeth. They work by applying gentle pressure to the teeth, gradually moving them into the desired position.
3. Appliances: Other orthodontic appliances, such as headgear, expanders, and functional appliances, may be used to correct specific dental and jaw problems, such as overbites or underbites.
4. Orthodontic treatment typically takes several months to several years, depending on the complexity of the case. The orthodontist will regularly monitor progress and make adjustments to the treatment plan as needed.

It is important to follow the orthodontist’s instructions and attend all scheduled appointments to ensure the best possible outcome. After the treatment is complete, most patients will need to wear a retainer to maintain their results.

A fixed orthodontic appliance typically consists of several components, including:

1. Brackets: These are small, square or rectangular pieces that are bonded to the front or back of the teeth. They serve as a holder for the archwire.
2. Archwire: The archwire is a thin metal wire that fits into the brackets and applies gentle pressure to the teeth, moving them into the desired position.
3. Bands: Bands are metal rings that are cemented to the molars and serve as anchor points for the brackets.
4. Ligatures: Ligatures are small rubber bands or wire ties that hold the archwire in place within the brackets.
5. Buccal Tubes: Buccal tubes are small, U-shaped pieces that are attached to the molars and serve as a pathway for the archwire.
6. Elastic Ties or O-Rings: Elastic ties or O-rings are used to hold the archwire in place within the brackets.
7. Springs: Springs may be added to the archwire to apply additional force to specific teeth, or to help correct specific dental problems.

These components work together to apply gentle pressure to the teeth, gradually moving them into the desired position. The orthodontist will regularly adjust the appliance to continue the movement of the teeth, until the desired result is achieved.

A removable orthodontic appliance typically consists of several components, including:

1. Plate: The plate is the base of the appliance that rests against the palate or tongue, and supports the other components. It may be made of plastic, metal or a combination of both.
2. Wires or Springs: Wires or springs may be attached to the plate to apply pressure to specific teeth or to help correct specific dental problems.
3. Screws or Rivets: Screws or rivets may be used to adjust the tension of the wires or springs, or to secure the plate to the teeth.
4. Bands or Clasps: Bands or clasps may be attached to the plate and used to hold the appliance in place, or to attach it to specific teeth.
5. Palatal Expansion Screw: A palatal expansion screw may be included in the appliance to help widen the upper jaw and create more space for crowded teeth.
6. Dental Attachments: Dental attachments may be used to attach the appliance to specific teeth, providing additional stability and support.

The components of a removable appliance work together to apply gentle pressure to the teeth, moving them into the desired position. The appliance is designed to be taken out of the mouth for cleaning and eating, and should be worn as directed by the orthodontist to ensure the best possible results.